{"id":2318,"date":"2024-05-03T12:05:24","date_gmt":"2024-05-03T10:05:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/svt-dalaine.fr\/svt\/?page_id=2318"},"modified":"2025-05-22T15:07:24","modified_gmt":"2025-05-22T13:07:24","slug":"sv-e-3-les-enzymes-et-la-catalyse-de-la-reaction","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/svt-dalaine.fr\/svt\/sv-e-3-les-enzymes-et-la-catalyse-de-la-reaction\/","title":{"rendered":"SV-E-3 Les enzymes et la catalyse de la r\u00e9action"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2318\" class=\"elementor elementor-2318\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-913835f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"913835f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-66437f9\" data-id=\"66437f9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72cdba1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"72cdba1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"166\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/svt-dalaine.fr\/svt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/diade-catalytique_TPI-166x300.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-2322\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/svt-dalaine.fr\/svt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/diade-catalytique_TPI-166x300.png 166w, https:\/\/svt-dalaine.fr\/svt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/diade-catalytique_TPI-566x1024.png 566w, https:\/\/svt-dalaine.fr\/svt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/diade-catalytique_TPI-768x1389.png 768w, https:\/\/svt-dalaine.fr\/svt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/diade-catalytique_TPI-850x1536.png 850w, https:\/\/svt-dalaine.fr\/svt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/diade-catalytique_TPI-149x270.png 149w, https:\/\/svt-dalaine.fr\/svt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/diade-catalytique_TPI.png 922w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 166px) 100vw, 166px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bd67c8e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bd67c8e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ecbac7e\" data-id=\"ecbac7e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e9b66b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2e9b66b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Extrait du B.O.<\/p><p>On distingue les enzymes \u00e0 comportement coop\u00e9ratif (enzymes allost\u00e9riques) et \u00e0 comportement michaelien.<\/p><p>Pour une enzyme oligom\u00e9rique, l&#8217;allost\u00e9rie correspond \u00e0 l&#8217;influence d&#8217;un site de fixation d&#8217;un ligand sur un autre qu&#8217;il soit identique (effet homotrope) ou diff\u00e9rent (effet h\u00e9t\u00e9rotrope).<\/p><p>Les principaux param\u00e8tres cin\u00e9tiques permettant de d\u00e9crire une activit\u00e9 enzymatique sont V<sub>max<\/sub>, K<sub>M<\/sub> ou K<sub>0,5<\/sub>.<\/p><p>Les enzymes sont des biocatalyseurs et jouent souvent le r\u00f4le d\u2019agents de couplage entre r\u00e9actions. La catalyse enzymatique implique la formation d\u2019un complexe enzyme-substrat au niveau du site actif de l\u2019enzyme. Le site actif est \u00e0 l\u2019origine de la sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9 de substrat et de r\u00e9action. Il est constitu\u00e9 d&#8217;acides amin\u00e9s jouant un r\u00f4le dans la fixation du substrat, dans la catalyse enzymatique ou dans les deux ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes \u00e0 la fois.<\/p><p>Plusieurs facteurs modifient l\u2019activit\u00e9 enzymatique et donc les r\u00e9actions du m\u00e9tabolisme :<\/p><p>&#8211; la quantit\u00e9 d\u2019enzyme, li\u00e9e \u00e0 l&#8217;expression g\u00e9n\u00e9tique et \u00e0 sa localisation (adressage)<\/p><p>&#8211; les conditions physico-chimiques (pH, T)<\/p><p>&#8211; les modifications conformationnelles de l&#8217;enzyme par modification covalente ou par fixation d\u2019un ligand.<\/p><p>Les enzymes sont des \u00e9l\u00e9ments de sp\u00e9cialisation des cellules ou des compartiments cellulaires.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Extrait du B.O. On distingue les enzymes \u00e0 comportement coop\u00e9ratif (enzymes allost\u00e9riques) et \u00e0 comportement michaelien. Pour une enzyme oligom\u00e9rique, l&#8217;allost\u00e9rie correspond \u00e0 l&#8217;influence d&#8217;un site de fixation d&#8217;un ligand sur un autre qu&#8217;il soit identique (effet homotrope) ou diff\u00e9rent&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/svt-dalaine.fr\/svt\/sv-e-3-les-enzymes-et-la-catalyse-de-la-reaction\/\" class=\"more-link\">Lire la suite<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2318","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.9.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>SV-E-3 Les enzymes et la catalyse de la r\u00e9action - Bienvenue sur le site de Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/svt-dalaine.fr\/svt\/sv-e-3-les-enzymes-et-la-catalyse-de-la-reaction\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"SV-E-3 Les enzymes et la catalyse de la r\u00e9action - Bienvenue sur le site de Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Extrait du B.O. On distingue les enzymes \u00e0 comportement coop\u00e9ratif (enzymes allost\u00e9riques) et \u00e0 comportement michaelien. Pour une enzyme oligom\u00e9rique, l&#8217;allost\u00e9rie correspond \u00e0 l&#8217;influence d&#8217;un site de fixation d&#8217;un ligand sur un autre qu&#8217;il soit identique (effet homotrope) ou diff\u00e9rent&hellip;&nbsp;Lire la suite\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/svt-dalaine.fr\/svt\/sv-e-3-les-enzymes-et-la-catalyse-de-la-reaction\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Bienvenue sur le site de Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-05-22T13:07:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/svt-dalaine.fr\/svt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/diade-catalytique_TPI-166x300.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/svt-dalaine.fr\/svt\/sv-e-3-les-enzymes-et-la-catalyse-de-la-reaction\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/svt-dalaine.fr\/svt\/sv-e-3-les-enzymes-et-la-catalyse-de-la-reaction\/\",\"name\":\"SV-E-3 Les enzymes et la catalyse de la r\u00e9action - Bienvenue sur le site de Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/svt-dalaine.fr\/svt\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2024-05-03T10:05:24+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-05-22T13:07:24+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/svt-dalaine.fr\/svt\/sv-e-3-les-enzymes-et-la-catalyse-de-la-reaction\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/svt-dalaine.fr\/svt\/sv-e-3-les-enzymes-et-la-catalyse-de-la-reaction\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/svt-dalaine.fr\/svt\/sv-e-3-les-enzymes-et-la-catalyse-de-la-reaction\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/svt-dalaine.fr\/svt\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"SV-E-3 Les enzymes et la catalyse de la r\u00e9action\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/svt-dalaine.fr\/svt\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/svt-dalaine.fr\/svt\/\",\"name\":\"Bienvenue sur le site de Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre\",\"description\":\"Ressources en SVT de St\u00e9phanie Dalaine, professeure agr\u00e9g\u00e9e exer\u00e7ant en BCPST1 ENCPB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/svt-dalaine.fr\/svt\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"SV-E-3 Les enzymes et la catalyse de la r\u00e9action - Bienvenue sur le site de Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/svt-dalaine.fr\/svt\/sv-e-3-les-enzymes-et-la-catalyse-de-la-reaction\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"SV-E-3 Les enzymes et la catalyse de la r\u00e9action - Bienvenue sur le site de Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre","og_description":"Extrait du B.O. On distingue les enzymes \u00e0 comportement coop\u00e9ratif (enzymes allost\u00e9riques) et \u00e0 comportement michaelien. 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